ABSTRACT
Introduction: Universities represent important Centers for public health assistance. However, in the context of the COVID- 19 pandemic, most Brazilian universities have suspended their academic activities and outpatient care. Objective(s): Describe how the Teleconsultation Program in Oral Medicine of the School of Dentistry, Brazil, remotely contributes to counseling dentistry on diagnosing oral lesions and providing guidance on treating patients in the North Macro-region of Minas Gerais state. Material(s) and Method(s): Teleconsulting takes place remotely;the professional sends by smartphone, via WhatsApp, the case report, clinical images, and complementary exams, if appropriate. Concerning this, the specialist team analyzes the clinical case and returns it to the professional sender, providing information and suggestions on the oral lesions' diagnostic assessment and clinical management. Result(s): Since the beginning of the program, in 19 months, dentists from 40 municipalities were counseled, which resulted in 287 teleconsultations;from these cases, 103 cases were conducted face-to-face consultations in our Oral Diagnosis Service, and 38 cases were hypothesized as malignant lesions in the oral cavity and had their medical treatment conducted and followed by a multidisciplinary team, when appropriate. Conclusion(s): Teleconsultation Program represents an important tool to strengthen the communication between professionals of public health, improve health work processes, and promote better clinical guidance in Oral Medicine.
ABSTRACT
Intro Between 2020 and 2021, the school-based human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program was temporarily interrupted in Peru due to the COVID-19 pandemic. While immunization services resumed in March 2022, the efforts and time required for immunization services to catch-up girls who missed doses of HPV vaccine are unclear. We aimed to estimate the impact of the pandemic on the number of HPV doses administered and time needed to reverse to pre- pandemic coverage levels. Methods A previously published model (Saxena et al 2021) was adapted to the Peruvian context to quantify the deficit in HPV doses administered to Peruvian girls aged 9-13 years between 2020 and 2021. The model included the following periods: pre-pandemic, COVID-19 pandemic, transition period (linear increase until reach an assumed rate) and catch-up (rates higher than 2019). The monthly HPV vaccine doses were compared with 2019 levels. The model estimated the cumulative deficit in doses administered and the projected time and catch-up rates/number of doses required to close the 2020/2021 HPV immunization gap relative to 2019. Findings Based on administrative data, we estimated that a total of 430,000, 358,207, and 301,650 doses of HPV vaccine were administered to 9-13 years girls in Peru in 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. Annual doses decreased by 16.7% and 29.8% in 2020 and 2021 compared to 2019. Starting on October 2022 with a monthly catch-up rate of 5% (1,792 additional doses/month) and 10% (3,588 additional doses/month), the projected dose deficit was expected to be cleared in August 2025 and March 2024, respectively. Conclusion A marked disruption to HPV routine immunization occurred in 2020 and 2021 in Peru, with HPV vaccine coverage estimated to have fallen between 16.7-29.8%. The recovery to pre-pandemic coverage and catch-up of missed doses require a sustained increase in vaccination over multiple years to prevent HPV infection/disease in near and long term.
ABSTRACT
Objetivos: A anemia é uma das doenças com descrições mais antigas na história e uma das mais difundidas, considerada um problema de saúde pública, acometendo cerca de um terço da população mundial, segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde, tornando seu estudo indispensável aos profissionais de saúde. Dessa maneira, a liga acadêmica de hematologia realizou a jornada científica de anemias, um evento on-line que visava proporcionar aos discentes da saúde um apanhado geral do tema e uma possível compensação de deficiências, causadas devido à pandemia por COVID-19. Esse trabalho objetiva relatar a experiência dos discentes de medicina na promoção dessa jornada. Materiais e métodos: Consiste em um relato de experiência que descreve a visão dos autores na organização de uma jornada científica de anemias, expondo um olhar qualitativo por meio da descrição e observação. Resultados: O evento foi planejado para ser gratuito e abranger todos os graduandos dos cursos da saúde em qualquer semestre, por isso, foi necessário prover conhecimento aos inscritos, para que pudessem aproveitar integralmente as palestras. Dessa forma, a liga desenvolveu um material baseado na literatura de referência para a hematologia, que serviu tanto para o aprendizado dos inscritos, quanto para estudos futuros. Além disso, para aproximar os discentes da experiência dos profissionais, optou-se por ministrar palestras, que, devido a pandemia, ocorreram de forma on-line na plataforma YouTube por meio de streaming, permitindo acesso universal e participação em tempo real. Assim, ocorreram 6 aulas divididas em 3 dias com duração de 1 hora cada, as quais ainda estão disponíveis no canal da liga. No primeiro dia houveram 145 espectadores simultâneos, 205 interações no chat ao vivo, no segundo, 116 e 156, respectivamente, e no terceiro 62 e 75. Discussão: A Jornada propiciou a conexão e aprofundamento entre diferentes assuntos referentes à área de hematologia, particularmente às anemias, presentes na grade curricular dos cursos da saúde, engajando profissionais e estudantes com diferentes atuações e experiências na construção de aprendizados no evento. Destaca-se ainda que, o plano teórico foi organizado de forma sequencial ao nível de complexidade do assunto apresentado, permitindo uma construção de conhecimento escalonado de todos ali presentes e, consequentemente, um nivelamento do saber para o enriquecimento no debate após cada palestra. Ademais, transmitir um evento on-line requer um conhecimento prévio das ferramentas de streaming, o que demanda estudo e testes prévios ao evento. Também, foi analisada a importância de atentar à escolha da plataforma de inscrição e contato com os inscritos, pois os organizadores foram surpreendidos com a cobrança de uma taxa para envio de e-mails, que não estava planejada no orçamento. Conclusão: Um evento em época de pandemia demanda uma organização distinta, pois o distanciamento social impossibilita uma grande concentração de pessoas. Nesses casos, a tecnologia facilita a difusão do conhecimento, mas também dificulta sua assimilação por exigir um foco muito maior do aluno contra as distrações do cotidiano. Desta forma, a jornada tentou mitigar os desafios e expandir o entendimento sobre as anemias de forma abrangente, aproximando os inscritos da prática profissional da hematologia.
ABSTRACT
The new coronavirus (Covid-19) disease is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and represents the causative agent of a potentially fatal disease that has proved to be a global public health problem. The pandemic caused by Covid-19 has caused severe damage to health systems in several countries. In view of the large number of infected people and the lack of specific treatment, several nations have faced overcrowding in their hospitals. With the confirmation of cases of this disease in Brazil, several actions have been taken by managers, both at the hospital level and at the level of primary care, in order to minimize the damage in the Unified Health System (SUS). This article presents a brief analysis of the role of primary care in the fight against Covid-19 at the national level, in addition to the impact on public health and future perspectives. Based on the large number of infected people in the world and the experience of different health systems, it is imperative to adapt and adequation the SUS in conducting response mechanisms for the pandemic, with primary care being a fundamental part of this process.
ABSTRACT
This study seeks to relate the bioethical questions about the quarantine as a mitigation tool of the COVID-19 pandemic in society. It is an integrative review, following criteria of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses at the pertinent phases. The search was carried out in the databases Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, PubMed and SciELO, searching texts published between 2019 and 2020, in English, Spanish and Portuguese. Among the identified articles, seven were selected to be part of this work, of those, two are from the United States, two from Spain, one from Finland, one from Australia, and one from Bangladesh. The studies show that, despite the quarantine and the distancing being the only strategies known up to this moment, developing politics that consider bioethical principles, focusing on, for example, socially vulnerable populations, who need support to establish this measure, is necessary. © 2022, Conselho Federal de Medicina. All rights reserved.